Development – important questions for Boards 2027

CBSE Class 10 Social Science

1. MCQ · 1 mark

   A person is choosing between two jobs. Which set of factors, besides pay, should they consider according to the textbook? (A) Family facilities, work environment and learning opportunities (B) The employer’s popularity alone (C) Distance from a market alone (D) The number of goods the salary can buy immediately

   Answer

   (A) Family facilities, work environment and learning opportunities — consider facilities for your family, working atmosphere, or opportunity to learn.

2. SA · 2 marks

   Explain how respect for women, sharing housework and a safe environment can support women’s employment and enterprise.

   Answer

   Respect for women can increase their dignity in the household and society, while encouraging greater sharing of housework and acceptance of women working outside. A safe, secure environment enables women to take varied jobs or run businesses.

3. MA · 3 marks

   Explain why people seek goals beyond higher income. How should national development address conflicts between goals and consider who benefits?

   Answer

   1. People seek more than income: equal treatment, freedom, security and respect matter, and discrimination is resented. Regular work, better wages, decent crop prices and job security are also important. 2. National development must fairly weigh conflicting goals and ask whether proposals benefit many people or only a small group, while seeking a just, better path.

4. LA · 5 marks

   “Different persons can have different developmental goals, and what is development for one may be harmful to another.” Explain this statement with an example. In your answer, explain why income and material goods alone do not determine quality of life.

   Answer

   Developmental goals differ because people face different situations and seek different benefits. 1. People desire regular work, better wages and decent prices for crops because these provide more income. 2. Raising the height of the Sardar Sarovar Dam on the Narmada River may support irrigation, but can submerge land and disrupt the lives of displaced tribals, who may prefer small check dams or tanks. 3. Income and material goods alone cannot ensure a good quality of life; people also seek equal treatment, freedom, security and respect, and resent discrimination. 4. A safe environment enables women to pursue varied jobs, while respect encourages sharing housework; toxic-waste dumping can cause illness and deaths. These examples show that development for one may be harmful to another.

5. VSA · 1 mark

   Which attribute is commonly used as an important basis for comparing countries’ development?

   Answer

   A country's income is a key comparison attribute; higher-income countries are considered more developed than countries with less income.

6. SA · 2 marks

   The textbook contrasts people who made chairs but use them with people who made chairs but did not get to use them. What does this contrast illustrate about the distribution of benefits?

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7. MA · 3 marks

   Define (i) Infant Mortality Rate, (ii) literacy rate and (iii) net attendance ratio, as used in the textbook.

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8. LA · 5 marks

   Compare Haryana, Kerala and Bihar using the income figures and health and education indicators in the textbook. Explain why per capita income alone is not enough to establish which state is more developed in all respects.

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9. MCQ · 1 mark

   Per capita income is calculated by: (A) dividing total national income by the total population (B) multiplying total national income by the population (C) dividing total population by the number of workers (D) subtracting exports from imports

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10. SA · 2 marks

    Using the stated 2023–24 per capita incomes, identify which of Haryana, Kerala and Bihar ranks first and last by this measure. Give the income figures for all three states.

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