Lifelines of National Economy – important questions for Boards 2027

CBSE Class 10 Social Science

1. VSA · 0.5 marks

   How many major ports does India have, and what share of its foreign trade do they handle?

   Answer

   India has 12 major ports, which handle 95 per cent of its foreign trade along its 11098.81 km coastline.

2. VSA · 1 mark

   Name the cross-country gas pipeline that linked the Mumbai High and Bassein gas fields to industrial, power and fertiliser complexes.

   Answer

   The Hazira-Vijaipur-Jagdishpur (HVJ) pipeline linked Mumbai High and Bassein gas fields with industrial, power and fertiliser complexes.

3. SA · 2 marks

   State two important roles played by railways in transporting people and goods in India.

   Answer

   Railways are the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India. Railways also make it possible for people to conduct multifarious activities like business, sightseeing, pilgrimage along with transportation of goods over longer distances.

4. MA · 3 marks

   Explain the importance of pipeline transport in India. Include the materials it carries and how it has enabled the development of far-inland refineries and gas-based fertiliser plants.

   Answer

   1. Pipelines carry crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas from fields to refineries, fertilizer factories and thermal power plants. Solids can also be transported through pipelines when converted into slurry. 2. Pipelines made far-inland refineries at Barauni, Mathura and Panipat, and gas-based fertilizer plants, possible. 3. Initial cost of laying pipelines is high, but subsequent running costs are minimal; pipelines rule out trans-shipment losses or delays.

5. LA · 5 marks

   Explain the growing importance of road transport in India, including its advantages over railways, its ability to serve difficult terrain and its suitability for short-distance travel and goods movement.

   Answer

   Road transport has growing importance in India because roads are easier to build and maintain and serve a wide range of travel needs. 1. The construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines, and roads can be built and maintained with greater ease. 2. Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography, negotiate higher gradients of slopes and cross difficult mountain terrain, including the Himalayas. 3. Road transport is economical for transporting a few persons and relatively smaller amounts of goods over short distances, making it suitable for local journeys and deliveries. 4. Roads provide door-to-door service, reducing loading and unloading costs, and connect railway stations, air and sea ports as feeder links. Thus, roads complement railways and provide convenient transport across varied terrain and distances.

6. VSA · 0.5 marks

   Which Indian port is the premier iron-ore exporting port and handles about half of India’s iron-ore exports?

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7. VSA · 1 mark

   What is international trade, and through which three routes may it take place?

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8. SA · 2 marks

   Into how many zones has the Indian Railway system been reorganised?

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9. LA · 5 marks

   Explain how roads act as feeder links to other modes of transport. Name the cities linked by the Golden Quadrilateral and the endpoints of the North-South and East-West Corridors.

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10. VSA · 1 mark

    Why is the advancement of international trade considered an economic barometer for a country?

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