Resources and Development – important questions for Boards 2027

CBSE Class 10 Social Science

1. MCQ · 1 mark

   Which statement best describes Gandhi’s preferred approach to production? (A) Mass production using exploitative technology (B) Production by the masses rather than mass production (C) Resource use for individual greed (D) Unlimited exploitation of natural resources

   Answer

   (B) Production by the masses rather than mass production — he was against mass production and wanted to replace it with the production by the masses.

2. SA · 2 marks

   Name the three main stages involved in resource planning.

   Answer

   1. Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country involves surveying, mapping and qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of the resources. 2. Evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill and institutional set up for implementing resource development plans. 3. Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plans.

3. MA · 3 marks

   Why should development be sustainable? Explain how it can meet present needs without damaging the environment or compromising the needs of future generations.

   Answer

   1. Sustainable economic development means ‘development should take place without damaging the environment, and development in the present should not compromise with the needs of the future generations.’ 2. Resources are vital for survival and quality of life, while indiscriminate use causes depletion and ecological crises. 3. Resource planning and equitable distribution can sustain all forms of life, preserve quality of life and support global peace.

4. LA · 5 marks

   Explain the meaning of sustainable economic development. Give examples to show how development can meet present needs while protecting the environment and the needs of future generations.

   Answer

   Sustainable economic development balances present progress with environmental protection and the needs of future generations. 1. Sustainable economic development means ‘development should take place without damaging the environment, and development in the present should not compromise with the needs of the future generations.’ It requires meeting present needs without exhausting resources or causing lasting environmental harm. 2. Expanding solar and wind energy can meet present electricity needs while reducing dependence on exhaustible fuels and limiting pollution. 3. Sustainable farming methods, such as crop rotation and careful water use, can produce food while protecting soil and water resources for future generations. 4. Protecting forests and planting trees support livelihoods and help conserve biodiversity and land. Sustainable development therefore improves life today while safeguarding the resources and environment on which future generations depend.

5. MCQ · 1 mark

   Which pair of materials forms the basic composition of soil? (A) Humus and inorganic materials (B) Only sand and gravel (C) Only decomposed plants (D) Water and bedrock only

   Answer

   (A) Humus and inorganic materials — Soil also consists of organic (humus) and inorganic materials.

6. SA · 2 marks

   Name India’s three major relief regions and state one economic or ecological contribution of each.

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7. MA · 3 marks

   Explain why an equitable distribution of resources is important in society. Give three reasons.

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8. LA · 5 marks

   Explain how depletion of resources and their accumulation in a few hands create challenges for development. Suggest ways to address these challenges.

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9. MCQ · 1 mark

   Which statement about alluvial soil is correct? (A) It is the most widely spread soil and covers the northern plains. (B) It is found only in the Himalayan mountains. (C) It is formed only in arid regions. (D) It is unsuitable for cultivation.

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10. SA · 2 marks

    State why land is a finite resource and explain the shortfall in India’s forest area in relation to the National Forest Policy recommendation.

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