Sectors of the Indian Economy – important questions for Boards 2027

CBSE Class 10 Social Science

1. MCQ · 1 mark

   Which statement best describes the relationship among the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors? (A) Each sector operates independently of the others. (B) The sectors are highly interdependent. (C) Only the primary sector depends on the other sectors. (D) The tertiary sector does not support production in other sectors.

   Answer

   (B) The sectors are highly interdependent — the activities in primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are interdependent.

2. SA · 2 marks

   Describe the later shift from the secondary sector to the tertiary sector in developed countries, referring to production and employment.

   Answer

   In the past 100 years, developed countries have shifted from the secondary to the tertiary sector. The service sector became most important in total production, and most working people are employed in the service sector.

3. MA · 3 marks

   Explain how improved farming enabled people to take up other activities. How did the growth of factories later shift workers from farms to the secondary sector?

   Answer

   1. Improved farming methods made agriculture prosper and produce much more food. More people could take up other activities, including craftwork and trading, and buying and selling increased. 2. Over more than a hundred years, new manufacturing methods led factories to expand. Farm workers were forced to move in large numbers, making the secondary sector most important in total production and employment.

4. LA · 5 marks

   Using Kamal’s case, explain why his daily-wage job is insecure. Include the conditions of his employment and the risks he faces.

   Answer

   Kamal’s daily-wage job is insecure because it offers neither guaranteed continuity nor basic employment benefits. 1. Kamal works from 7:30 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. in a nearby grocery shop, but receives only his wages and no other allowances. 2. He is paid only for the days he works; he gets no pay for days he does not work and has no leave or paid holidays. 3. His employer has given him no formal letter confirming his employment, so Kamal has no written assurance that his job will continue. 4. Kamal can be asked to leave at any time. When work is limited, workers may also lose their jobs, and employment can depend on the employer’s whims. Kamal’s case shows how low security and the absence of benefits make daily-wage employment vulnerable.

5. MCQ · 1 mark

   If sugar mills stop buying sugarcane from local farmers, what is a likely consequence? (A) Farmers’ crop prices and income may fall. (B) Farmers’ cultivation costs will automatically fall. (C) The demand for sugarcane will increase. (D) Farmers will no longer depend on industry.

   Answer

   (A) Farmers’ crop prices and income may fall — Cotton prices will fall.

6. SA · 2 marks

   How can investment in a well help a farmer grow a second crop and provide more work for family members?

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7. MA · 3 marks

   State why basic services are needed in every country. Explain how the development of agriculture and industry increases demand for services such as transport, trade and storage.

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8. LA · 5 marks

   Compare the working conditions of organised-sector workers with Kamal’s conditions in the unorganised sector. Explain at least three differences.

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9. MCQ · 1 mark

   What is a likely effect on farmers if the prices of fertilisers and pumpsets rise? (A) Their cultivation costs rise and profits may fall. (B) Their cultivation costs fall and profits rise. (C) They no longer need industrial goods. (D) The prices of their crops must increase by the same amount.

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10. SA · 2 marks

    How can expanding education and health services create employment, particularly in rural areas?

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